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Vliv účinných složek rybího tuku v krmné dávce prasat na expresi vybraných proteinů modulujících zánětlivou reakci
Jarošová, Rea
The aim of this study was to determine whether there is an influence of the active components of the fish oil, in particular polyunsaturated fatty acids n3 (PUFA n3) on expression of selected proteins which modulate the inflammatory response in model organisms pig. In the n3 PUFA is to assume that over signaling pathway PPARgamma, NFkappaB, increase adiponectin production, inhibit the production of proinflammatory cytokines, increase antiinflammatory cytokines production, thereby suppressing the inflammatory response in the body. This hypothesis was tested on 32 pigs, which were divided into two groups of 16 pieces in each group. The first experimental group was fed the basic feed mixture enriched with 2.5% fish oil (F) and the second control group was fed the basic feed with 2.5% palm oil (P). Last day of fattening pigs were 8 F and 8 P pigs intravenously application lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce an inflammatory response, the rest of group left without LPS stimulation, followed by intramuscular application of anesthetics and defeat. By Western blot was measured protein expression PPARgamma and NFkappaB in selected tissues, by ELISA concentration of adiponectin in plasma and by multiplex analysis plasma levels of cytokines. The results indicate that PPARgamma concentration in the F adipocytes after LPS stimulation tended to increase by 21% in comparison with P control stimulation with LPS, but the result was not statistically significant (P> 0.05; P = 0.11). Further, the F pigs stimulation with LPS as compared with intact F counterparts trend toward increased plasma levels of adiponectin by 18%, which was likely a reflection of the tendency to higher values in adipocytes by 18% (P> 0.05, p = 0.12), result was not statistically significant. Plasma adiponectin took on the same values of 21.1 ng x mL-1 in experimental and control groups (P> 0.05). Elevation (P <0.05) of NFkappaB in fatty tissue F pigs after LPS stimulation. In addition, the plasma level of anti-inflammatory IL4 and IL10 interleukins, as well as the proinflammatory cytokine TNFalfa, was increased (P <0.05) in the F group of pigs stimulated with LPS. The results of the present experiment are thus ambiguous. The hypothesis of the effect of fish oil or n3 PUFA to suppress the inflammatory response cannot this experiment conclusively confirmed.
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The size of individual lipoproteins in various pathological conditions
Dušejovská, Magdaléna ; Žák, Aleš (advisor) ; Kalousová, Marta (referee) ; Kraml, Pavel (referee)
Metabolic syndrome (MS) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) represent two clinical- pathologic states with increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular complications with considerable impact on the quality of life of the patients. The knowledge about the changes in distribution of individual lipoprotein subfractions could countribute to the estimation of risk of atherosclerosis development. The studies presented in this thesis aimed at analyses of subfractions of LDL and HDL in the abovementioned pathologic states; moreover, we tried to elucidate the associations of changes in lipoprotein subfractions with clinical as well as biochemical alterations. The Study I was a placebo controlled study observing the effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids of n-3 family (PUFA n-3) administration to patients with MS who were divided to statin-treated ones (36 patients), and those without statin therapy (24 probands). The Study II comprised of 57 patients with ESRD on high volume haemodiafiltration (HV-HDF). In this Study, the parameters after 5-year follow-up were compared with baseline characteristics. Also, we included comparisons with the control group of 50 age and sex matched patients without the signs of ESRD. In Study I, we observed lowering of triacylglycerol and cholesterol content in VLDL...
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Vliv polynenasycených mastných kyselin n-3 na expresi vybraného genu u modelového organizmu
Strouhalová, Eliška
The aim of my thesis was to assess the influence of polyunsaturated fatty acids n 3 (DHA and EPA) on gene expression, mainly PPARy, in model organism. The expression of PPARy gene is increased by these polyunsaturated fatty acids and thus they decrease the risk of development of inflammation and atherosclerosis. This hypothesis was tested on 40 test rats (Wistar albino). The first 7 weeks the rats were fed with a diet containing beef tallow and sweet condensed milk until they manifested mild obesity and inflammation. During other 7 weeks they were divided into 4 groups, each containing 10 individuals. One of the groups was further fed with diet containing beef tallow (control group), other groups received diet with 6% content of oil from safflower added, 6% content of fish oil (high content of EPA) or 6% content of oil from Schizochytrium alga (high content of DHA). The expression of PPARy was measured by using molecular-biology methods at the end of the trial. It was proven that the diet rich on DHA increases PPARy gene expression (P<0,05). The increase of PPARy gene expression in a diet containing fish oil was inconclusive (P>0,05). With these results we confirmed the hypothesis that diet rich on PUFA n3 decreases the risk of inflammation development and atherosclerosis and that DHA is significantly more effective.
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